Vertebral Augmentation of Cancer-Related Spinal Compression Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-6-2021

Publication Title

Spine (Phila Pa 1976)

Keywords

california; mission; los angeles; ptmc

Abstract

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the magnitude and duration of pain relief with vertebral augmentation to any other therapy for the treatment of cancer-related vertebral compression fractures through meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Derived from search on PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Central, Scopus and Web of Science databases in May 2020. Studies selected were limited to randomized controlled trials comparing vertebral augmentation, either Balloon Kyphoplasty (BKP) or Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP) with or without additional therapy to any other intervention or placebo/sham.

METHODS: The methodological quality of each included study was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's domain-based framework. Random-effects model. Heterogeneity assessed using the Q test and I2 statistic.

RESULTS: Of 180 records identified, 7 were considered relevant, and included 476 participants. The risk of bias was considered "Low" in all studies. In five of the studies, vertebral augmentation alone (either PVP or BKP) comprised one group, while comparative treatments included non-surgical management, Kiva implantation, PVP and radiofrequency therapy, PVP and chemotherapy, PVP and intra-somatic injection of steroid, and PVP with 125I seeds. Two studies compared PVP with an additional therapy against the standard of care. With regard to changes in pain severity, the effect sizes varied from 0.0 (95% -1.7 to 1.7) to -5.1 (95% -5.3 to -4.9). Most studies demonstrated a positive and statistically significant effect associated with PVP. Four of the 7 studies demonstrated a clinically significant effect as well. Other than cement leakage, with an event rate of 0.24 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.44) or 24% (95% CI 11% to 44%), there were no major adverse events consistently observed across multiple studies.

CONCLUSIONS: The included randomized controlled trials demonstrated an overall positive and statistically significant effect of vertebral augmentation surgeries, such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, for the treatment of cancer-related vertebral compression fractures, especially when compared to non-surgical management, radiofrequency ablation or chemotherapy alone.Level of Evidence: 1.

Clinical Institute

Orthopedics & Sports Medicine

Clinical Institute

Cancer

Department

Rehabilitation

Department

Oncology

Department

Surgery

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