Enhancing clinical and immunological effects of anti-PD-1 with belapectin, a galectin-3 inhibitor.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
4-1-2021
Publication Title
J Immunother Cancer
Keywords
oregon; portland; chiles
Abstract
BACKGROUND: PD-1/PD-L1 engagement and overexpression of galectin-3 (Gal-3) are critical mechanisms of tumor-induced immune suppression that contribute to immunotherapy resistance. We hypothesized that Gal-3 blockade with belapectin (GR-MD-02) plus anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) would enhance tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS: We performed a phase I dose escalation study of belapectin+pembrolizumab in patients with advanced MM or HNSCC (NCT02575404). Belapectin was administered at 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg IV 60 min before pembrolizumab (200 mg IV every 3 weeks for five cycles). Responding patients continued pembrolizumab monotherapy for up to 17 cycles. Main eligibility requirements were a functional Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of 0-2, measurable or assessable disease, and no active autoimmune disease. Prior T-cell checkpoint antibody therapy was permitted.
RESULTS: Objective response was observed in 50% of MM (7/14) and and 33% of HNSCC (2/6) patients. Belapectin+pembrolizumab was associated with fewer immune-mediated adverse events than anticipated with pembrolizumab monotherapy. There were no dose-limiting toxicities for belapectin within the dose range investigated. Significantly increased effector memory T-cell activation and reduced monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) were observed in responders compared with non-responders. Increased baseline expression of Gal-3+ tumor cells and PD-1+CD8+ T cells in the periphery correlated with response as did higher serum trough levels of pembrolizumab.
CONCLUSIONS: Belapectin+pembrolizumab therapy has activity in MM and HNSCC. Increased Gal-3 expression, expansion of effector memory T cells, and decreased M-MDSCs correlated with clinical response. Further investigation is planned.
Clinical Institute
Cancer
Department
Earle A. Chiles Research Institute
Department
Oncology
Recommended Citation
Curti, Brendan D; Koguchi, Yoshinobu; Leidner, Rom S; Rolig, Annah S; Sturgill, Elizabeth R; Sun, Zhaoyu; Wu, Yaping; Rajamanickam, Venkatesh; Bernard, Brady; Hilgart-Martiszus, Ian; Fountain, Christopher B; Morris, George; Iwamoto, Noriko; Shimada, Takashi; Chang, ShuChing; Traber, Peter G; Zomer, Eliezer; Horton, J Rex; Shlevin, Harold; and Redmond, William L, "Enhancing clinical and immunological effects of anti-PD-1 with belapectin, a galectin-3 inhibitor." (2021). Articles, Abstracts, and Reports. 4752.
https://digitalcommons.providence.org/publications/4752
