Cellular immunotherapy of cancer: an overview and future directions.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-1-2017

Publication Title

Immunotherapy

Keywords

Animals; Dendritic Cells; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating; Neoplasms; RNA Interference; Receptors, Steroid; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Microenvironment

Abstract

The clinical success of checkpoint inhibitors has led to a renaissance of interest in cancer immunotherapies. In particular, the possibility of ex vivo expanding autologous lymphocytes that specifically recognize tumor cells has attracted much research and clinical trial interest. In this review, we discuss the historical background of tumor immunotherapy using cell-based approaches, and provide some rationale for overcoming current barriers to success of autologous immunotherapy. An overview of adoptive transfer of lymphocytes, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and dendritic cell therapies is provided. We conclude with discussing the possibility of gene-manipulating immune cells in order to augment therapeutic activity, including silencing of the immune-suppressive zinc finger orphan nuclear receptor, NR2F6, as an attractive means of overcoming tumor-associated immune suppression.

Clinical Institute

Cancer

Department

Oncology

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